
- The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, also known as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act, enacted November 12, 1999, is an Act of the United States Congress which repealed part of the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, opening up competition among banks, securities companies and insurance companies. The Glass-Steagall Act prohibited a bank from offering investment, commercial banking, and insurance services. The Act is most widely known for repealing portions of the Glass-Steagall Act, which had regulated the financial services industry.
- In 2002, as the full extent of the Enron scandal was emerging, The New York Times called Gramm “a demon for deregulation” as one of the chief engineers of the stealthy approval of a bill that exempted energy commodity trading from government regulation and public disclosure. Meanwhile, Gramm’s wife Wendy was paid over $1 million in salary, stock options, dividends and other goodies from 1993 to 2001 as an Enron board member, but of course was deaf, dumb and blind to the energy company’s rampant cooking its books with the acquiescence of the late unlamented Arthur Andersen accounting company.
- The Washington Post in 2008 named Gramm one of seven "key players" responsible for winning a 1998-1999 fight against regulation of derivatives trading.[12] Gramm's support was later critical in the passage of the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000, which kept derivatives transactions, including those involving credit default swaps, free of government regulation.
- 2008 Nobel Laureate in Economics Paul Krugman, a supporter of Barack Obama, described Gramm during the 2008 presidential race as "the high priest of deregulation," and has listed him as the number two person responsible for the economic crisis of 2008 behind only Alan Greenspan.[14][15] On October 14, 2008, CNN ranked Gramm number seven in its list of the 10 individuals most responsible for the current economic crisis.[16] In January 2009 Guardian City editor Julia Finch identified him as one of twenty-five people who were at the heart of the financial meltdown. [17] An Internet poll currently ranks Gramm #1 among 25 people selected by Time as candidates to blame for the economic crisis.
As for George Soros, he definitely has political leanings but while I believe "smart" regulation is a good thing; I also would argue against the tenet we ever had a free market. If we did, there would never have been a Fannie or Freddie and failure would be allowed to happen - and risk assessment of corporations would of taken onto a totally different flavor. There would not be a Federal Reserve to make sure the nanny state was always there in case the big boys run their companies into the ground... nor would there be a small group of people arbitrarily setting interest rates to try to move the economy "where it should go". Instead of a free market, we had a Cramerica market - for the corporation, by the corporation - almost all regulations to benefit of those who pay for political campaigns - that is very different than a "free market".
Remember, even Alan Greenspan himself admitted he was wrong and that he overestimated the guiding hand of self regulation/"free markets" to police itself - I'd argue that compensation is so excessive in the U.S. that it simply "pays" to "shoot for the moon" even if it brings down the company - you still "get yours" as a CEO. And what regulators we do have have proven to be toothless... we don't even need "new" regulation - we just need some adults who actually enforce the current ones.
Via Bloomberg
- Billionaire investor George Soros said the current economic crisis has its roots in the financial deregulation of the 1980s and marks the end of a free-market model that has since dominated capitalist countries.
- Liberalization of the financial industry begun by the Reagan administration has led to a series of breakdowns forcing government intervention, Soros told economists and bankers last night at a private dinner at Columbia University in New York. The global recession, triggered by the collapse of the U.S. housing market, has “damaged the financial system itself,” he said.
- Regulators are in part to blame because they “abrogated” their responsibilities, Soros, 78, said. The philosophy of “market-fundamentalism” was now under question as financial markets have proved to be inefficient and affected by biases rather than driven by all the available information, he said.
- “We’re in a crisis I think that’s really the most serious since the 1930s and is different from all the other crises we have experienced in our lifetime,” Soros said.
- ...the world financial system has effectively disintegrated, adding that there is yet no prospect of a near-term resolution to the crisis.
- Soros said the turbulence is actually more severe than during the Great Depression, comparing the current situation to the demise of the Soviet Union.
Roubini pitches in on a similar vein
- [W]hile this crisis does not imply the end of market economy capitalism it has shown the failure of a particular model of capitalism: the laissez faire unregulated (or aggressively deregulated) wild-west model of free market capitalism with lack of prudential regulation and supervision of financial markets and with the lack of proper provision of public goods by governments.
[Feb 18, 2009: Soros Increases Stakes in Potash, Petrobras; Culls Walmart, Research in Motion]
[Nov 26, 2008: Soros and Citadel Building up Coal Stakes]
[Apr 9, 2008: Soros Believes Global Subprime Costs to Reach $1 Trillion]
[Jan 22, 2008: Soros Says World Faces Worst Financial Crisis Since World War II]








6 comments:
I am tired of socialists pointing fingers at the free market... WHAT free market? We havent had a free market since 1910...
Last 20 years government was everywhere, squashing any attempt by the free market to have a credit contraction... bailout after bailout... 1987, S&L crisis, peso crisis, asian crisis, LTCM, Nasdaq bubble burst, every time government jumps in lowers rates and prints money and bails out the villains.. you call this a free market??
We built a colossal debt bubble basically because Greenspan for 20 years convinced everyone -- take on debt, take on risk, if you get in trouble, I'll lower rates and print money and will bail out your indebted ass...
Government caused this crisis not the market...
Agree on that shax
long time no hear - we'd have a completely different housing market is not for implicit guarantee that when blank hits the blank, Uncle Sam would be here for you
But we could never spend over our heads (borrow) without that implicit guarantee eh?
TM,
I usually agree with just about everything you write, but your Gramm bashing is one of the few things that I don't agree with. Liberal media outlets such as CNN enjoy being able to place blame on conservative such as Gramm while blaming the crisis on the free market.
If we ever had a free market in the first place, the GLB act would've been a great idea. However, with all the moral hazards that fill our economy, namely the Federal Reserve's free money for bankers and the silent agreement to cover their losses, GLB doesn't work so well. We'll never know whether Gramm took this into consideration when he put his input into the bill, but trying to speculate that he did misses the point. His op-ed in The WSJ Friday is pretty much on point as to the main causes of the crisis - so I would have to question why he sees now what he obviously didn't see then.
I agree with you about Gramm's wife, but the deregulation of the CDS market as a cause is a bunch of media created hoopla. This crisis almost certainly would have been just as bad had the CDS market been regulated. Contrary to what the media would have us believe, the CDS market has performed quite well throughout the crises - Lehman CDS holders were almost made whole.
As for Soros (and Krugman), of course he is loving the media blaming this on the free market since everyone knows he is a socialist. He will look for every opportunity to blame the crisis on anyone who has been a free market proponent since 1980 (even though just about all of those people don't even know what a free market really is).
However, I almost agree with Soros (and you I think) that reverse robinhood capitalism is worse than socialism. If Americans are never going to turn off American Idol long enough to listen to Ron Paul and learn about a true free market, then we might as well go the way of Soros.
Hi Hard Money
if you have the link to the op ed I'd like to see it, feel free to throw a comment
my problem with CDS market is many counterparties did not have the money to ever pay. Wouldn't that have been solved if there was a regulated market? p.s. where is the exchange for CDS that we were supposed to get last year (ICE, CME? anyone?)
Agree on Soros - you have to take everything he says with grains of salt on his social views.
I am more libertarian so trust me I wish for a free market - but it has to be all the way, otherwise as you stated - it does not work. So as to Gramm you have to ask - realizing the framework he was working in, he had to at least guess it would not work.
There is an excellent piece in NYT on both Schumer and Gramm - if you have not read them, I'd go take a peek... they are both part of a series of culprits - I have the Schumer piece on the website so you can search for it here if you have not read.
Last, I think almost all our Congress folks are beholden to special interests - they have to be due to the system of who pays for campaigns - so I'm a doubter of any pure motives from the get go when it comes to D.C.
Thanks for your comment and people always free to disagree with me
Sadly Ron Paul called all this and was laughed off GOP debates by "mainstream" politicians.
I am very leery of reading NYT and take things they say with a grain of salt as well, but it was a good piece for them.
I understand what you are saying about the CDS market with participants not being able to pay up, but I believe that goes back to the whole moral hazard deal. In a reverse robinhood economy that we have today, I agree with you that it is necessary to regulate the market so buyers won't agree to buy a CDS from a seller who can't pay him. However, in a truly free market that would never happen because it would be in the buyers' best interest to make sure the seller was able to pay up and there wouldn't be perverse pay incentives etc. It is so hard for me to support regulation but then I have to remember that we don't have a free market.
Anyway it won't let me link that article but go to wsj.com and search Phil Gramm.
It is truly amazing how the media thinks they will be able to suppress libertarians forever. The internet is truly the media's worst enemy.
"The internet is truly the media's worst enemy."
As shown by the stock price of almost all media companies :)
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